Compensating device for engines



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G. 1:'. BLAKE. GOMPBNSATING DEVICE POR ENGINES.

180.404,338. Patented May 28, 1889.

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G. P. BLAKE. GOMPENSATING DEVICE EOE ENGINES.

180.404,338. Patented May 28, 1889.

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G. 1:'. BLAKE. COMPENSATING DEVICE PGR ENGINES. N0. 404,338. Patented May 28. 1.889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORCLE F. BLAKE, OF BELMONT, ASSIGNOR TO THE GEORGE F. BLAKE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

COM PENSATING DEVICE FOR ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,338, dated May 28, 1889.

A l Application filed August 3l, i888. Serial No. 284,267. k(No model.) n

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. BLAKE, of Belmont, county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Compensating Devices for Engines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to engines of that class in which the steam is used expansively, and it is especially applicable to single and duplex direct-acting pum ping-engines.

Prior to my invention I amv aware that pumping-engines have been provided with mechanism by which the power of the steam upon the piston is maintained substantially uniform throughout the length of the stroke of said piston, for instance, as shown and described in United States Patent No. 292,525, granted to C. CNVorthington January 29, 1884.

My invention has for its object to provide direct-acting engines, comprising a high and low pressure cylinder provided with independent or separate pistons and piston-rods,

with simple and efficient mechanism connecting the said piston-rods, and arranged, as will be described,whereby the power of the engine, after the steam is cut oif from the high and low pressure cylinders, is maintained substantially uniform.

My invention therefore consists, essentially, in a direct-acting engine, of a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, pistons located in said cylinders and provided with independent piston-r0ds having rack-bars combined with a gear in mesh with said rackbars and connecting said piston-rods, and with a compensating cylinder and its piston connected to said gear, to operate substantially as will be described.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a horizontal pumping-engine embodying my invention provided with two oscillating compensating cylinders. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a horizontal or vertical pumping-engine provided with two steam-cylinders and one pump-cylinder and having two oscillating compensating cylinders; Fig. 3, a longitudinal vand in Fig. 7 as a duplex engine.

such as shown in Fig. 6, with two oscillating compensating cylinders for each engine.

The pumpingengine,which is herein shown provided with my improved compensating mechanism, is of the well-known type of directacting pumping-engines, it being shown in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, as a Isingle engine,

Each single engine is composed of a high-pressure steam-cylinder, c, and low-pressure cylinder a', provided, respectively, with pistons a2 o3, having piston-rods a4 o5, the high-pressure cylinder being located, asy herein shown, out of line with the low-pressure cylinder. The piston-rod a5 of each low-pressure engine is connected to a piston, b, of a pump-cylinder, b', and each piston-rod a", as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, is connected to a piston, b2, of a pump-cylinder, b3; but, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 5, the piston-rod a4 is supported in a suitable guide or upright, b4. The piston-rods e405 have secured to or forming part of them for a portion of their length rack-bars 2 3, respectively, the said rack-bars being in engagement with the teeth of a gear-wheel, b5, mounted on a shaft or arbor, bb', having journal-bearings in uprights o7 secured to the engine-frame. The gear b5 has pivotally secured to it on opposite sides of the shaft or arbor o6 piston-rods o c of pistons c2 c3 in the compensating cylinders c4 c5, the said compensating cylinders, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7, being supported on suitable journals,whereby the said cylinders may oscillate to conform to the oscillation of the gears b5, the piston-rods, as shown in the said figures, being firmly secured to their pistons.

If desired, the compensating cylinders may be made stationary, as shown in Fig. 5, the piston-rods of cach auxiliary piston bein pivotally connected to its piston, as at c6.

The valves and valve-o peratin g mechanism are not herein shown, as they forni no part of my present invention, and are so well known as to need no specific description, they being such, for instance, as used on the well-known direct-acting pumping-engine.

In operation, let it be supposed that the piston a2 of thehigh-pressure cylinder is traveling in the direction indicated by arrow 20, Fig. l, and the piston ai of the low-pressure cylinder in the direction indicated by arrow 2l, and that the admission of steam to the cylinders has been eut off. Vhile steam is bein admitted to the cylinders CL a tl1emovement of the pistons in said cylinders is opposed by the steam acting on the pistons in the compensating cylinders; but when the steam has been cut off from the cylinders o' a the further movement of the pistons a2 asin the directions indicated by arrows 2O and 2l. is assisted by the action oi the steam, air,wa-

ter, or other agent in the compensating` cyl# inders until the said pistons have completed their strokes in the said directions, the cranks or pivotal points l0 of the connecting-rods c c being at such time vertically in line with the shaft U5. On the return-stroke of the pis tons a? a3 the compensating' pistons c opscribing witnesses.

pose the motion of the pistons while steam is being admitted to the cylinders; but when the steam is cut off from the high and low pressure cylinders a and a', respectively, the loss of power of these cylinders, due to thereduction of pressure by expansion, is made up by the power derived from the compensating cylinder, whosepower increases at about the same rate that the power of the high and low pressure cylinders decrease, owing to the increase of leverage with which the compensating cylinders acts on the gear-wheel b5, thns making the total motive power of the engine practically uniform throughout the stroke.

I claim- In a direct-acting engine, a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, pistons located in said cylinders and provided with independent piston-rods having rack-bars 2 3, combined with a gear, b5, in mesh with said rackbars and connecting said piston rods, and with a compensating cylinder and its pis ton connected to said gear, to operate substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two snb- GEO. F. BLAKE. 'Witnessesz GEO.' M. WARREN,

WM. Il. SAnGnN'r. 

